Having Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with a shorter life expectancy and a greater risk of mental health issues, according to a new study of over 30,000 people with the disorder in the United Kingdom.
The study, published in The British Journal of Psychiatry, found that men with ADHD had a reduction in life expectancy of 4 ½ to 9 years, while women’s life expectancy was shortened by 6 ½ to 11 years. The researchers also found that ADHD was linked to a higher risk of mental health issues, such as anxiety, depression, self-harm, and suicide.
The study’s lead author, Dr. Liz O’Nions, said that the findings indicate unmet support needs for people with ADHD and that it is crucial to find out the reasons behind premature deaths to develop strategies to prevent them in the future.
The researchers used mortality data and a statistical technique called the life-table method to analyze death rates and the probabilities of survival or death at different age intervals. They found that ADHD was associated with a higher risk of premature death, as well as a range of physical and mental health problems.
The study’s authors noted that the findings are “striking” but are based on observational data, which leaves many important questions unanswered. They also acknowledged that the lack of treatment for ADHD and accompanying conditions, especially for adults, could partly explain the differences in life expectancies.
Experts on the topic have said that addressing the issue of premature mortality among people with ADHD starts with health care providers who should routinely collect details on behavioral and medical conditions and health outcomes related to the disorder. Mental health professionals specializing in ADHD can also help patients develop coping skills and discuss whether ADHD medications would be useful.
The study’s findings highlight the need for more research into the causes of premature mortality among people with ADHD and the development of strategies to prevent it.
